Dual-Layer Permission Control for Azure Files

Access to Azure file shares requires two permission layers working together: Azure RBAC controls who can access the share at a high level, while Windows ACLs control access to specific files and folders within that share. RBAC roles like Storage File Data SMB Share Contributor are assigned through the Azure portal and determine whether a user can read, write, or manage the share. Once RBAC grants share access, NTFS permissions applied to individual files and folders provide finer control, such as allowing one user to read a folder while another can modify its contents. Both layers must grant access for a user to successfully interact with files.