Designing for security
Designing for security in Google Cloud means building a system that protects data, access, and infrastructure from threats. The approach starts with identity and access management, where you define who can do what and enforce the principle of least privilege. Network security controls, such as firewalls and private connectivity, keep traffic inside trusted boundaries and prevent unauthorized access. Data protection includes encryption at rest and in transit, along with key management to control who can decrypt information. A secure design also relies on monitoring and logging to detect suspicious activity and respond quickly. Every component—users, services, networks, and data—must be treated as part of a single security model, with policies that apply consistently across the environment.
Designing for compliance
Designing for compliance ensures that the system meets regulatory, legal, and organizational requirements. This involves understanding which standards apply, such as HIPAA, GDPR, or SOC 2, and mapping them to cloud controls. You must configure audit logging to capture who did what and when, and store those logs in a way that cannot be tampered with. Data residency and sovereignty requirements dictate where data can be stored and processed, so you choose regions and set up data boundaries accordingly. Compliance also requires proving that controls are in place, which means automating policy enforcement and generating reports for auditors. The design must be repeatable and verifiable, with clear documentation of how each requirement is satisfied.